Atmosphere. Pressure and temperature

The atmosphere is the gaseous layer surrounding the Earth. It is composed mainly of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and other gases, such as argon, carbon dioxide and water vapor. This gaseous layer is essential for life on Earth because, in addition to containing the gases necessary for life, it protects the planet’s surface from harmful solar radiation and regulates the temperature at the surface.

The atmosphere is divided into several layers, each with unique characteristics and properties. The layer closest to the surface is the troposphere, which reaches up to about 10 km in altitude. It is where most meteorological phenomena occur. This is followed by the stratosphere, which reaches up to about 50 km altitude. Within the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from excess ultraviolet radiation. Next comes the mesosphere, which reaches up to 90 km altitude. The next layer is the thermosphere, which reaches up to 400 km. It is characterized by a composition formed by ionized gases. The last layer is the exosphere, which reaches up to 580 km, at which point outer space is reached.

The study of the atmosphere is crucial to understanding climate and meteorology. Scientists use very sophisticated simulation models and observations to understand how the atmosphere works.

These online atmosphere simulations are a good model of the behavior of the atmosphere, very useful to understand it better, try them, they will help you for sure!